Grade 5

Matter and Materials

Matter particles, conservation of matter, material properties, and mixing substances.

5-PS1-1, 5-PS1-2, 5-PS1-3, 5-PS1-4 4 lessons 5 quiz questions

Lesson 1: Matter Is Made of Particles

Use models to describe matter as tiny particles.

Learning goals

  • Describe matter as particles too small to see.
  • Use models to explain solids, liquids, and gases.
  • Connect particles to observable properties.

Tiny particles

Matter is made of particles that are too small to see with just our eyes. Models help explain how these particles make up different materials.

States of matter

Particles in solids stay close and vibrate. Particles in liquids slide past one another. Particles in gases are farther apart and move freely.

Lesson 2: Conservation of Matter

Measure matter before and after changes.

Learning goals

  • Explain that matter is conserved.
  • Compare mass before and after a change.
  • Use measurements as evidence.

Matter is conserved

When matter changes form or when substances mix, the total amount of matter is conserved. It does not disappear, even if it looks different.

Measuring mass

Students can use a balance to compare mass before and after dissolving, mixing, or changing matter.

Lesson 3: Properties of Materials

Identify materials by observable and measurable properties.

Learning goals

  • Describe material properties.
  • Use properties to identify substances.
  • Compare materials for a purpose.

Properties help identify matter

Materials can be identified by properties such as color, hardness, texture, conductivity, magnetism, solubility, and density.

Choosing materials

A material's properties help people decide how to use it. A raincoat should be flexible and water-resistant.

Lesson 4: Mixing Substances

Observe whether mixing substances creates new materials.

Learning goals

  • Compare mixtures and reactions.
  • Identify evidence of new substances.
  • Use observations to support explanations.

Mixtures

Some substances keep their properties when mixed. Sand and iron filings can be separated because each material keeps its properties.

New substances

Sometimes mixing substances forms new substances with different properties. Evidence can include gas, color change, temperature change, or a solid forming.