Grades 3-5
Engineering Challenges
Define design problems, compare solutions, test prototypes, and improve models.
3-5-ETS1-1, 3-5-ETS1-2, 3-5-ETS1-3
3 lessons
5 quiz questions
Lesson 1: Define the Problem
Identify the need, criteria, and constraints for a design challenge.
Learning goals
- Define a simple design problem.
- List criteria for success.
- Identify constraints.
Clear problems lead to better solutions
Engineers begin by defining the problem. A useful problem statement explains the need or want, who has the problem, and what a solution should accomplish.
Criteria and constraints
Criteria are goals a solution must meet. Constraints are limits such as materials, time, money, size, safety, or available tools.
Lesson 2: Compare Solutions
Evaluate more than one possible solution.
Learning goals
- Generate multiple solutions.
- Compare solutions using criteria.
- Choose a solution based on evidence.
More than one solution
Most design problems have many possible solutions. Comparing ideas helps engineers decide which design is most likely to work well.
Using evidence
A solution should be judged by how well it meets criteria and constraints. Evidence can come from drawings, models, tests, or measurements.
Lesson 3: Test and Improve
Plan fair tests and improve a prototype.
Learning goals
- Build or model a prototype.
- Plan fair tests.
- Use test results to improve a design.
Prototype testing
A prototype is a model that can be tested. Testing shows what works and what needs to improve.
Fair tests
A fair test changes one variable at a time. This helps engineers understand which change affected the result.